CVE-2025-40026
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- CVE-2025-40026
CVE Details
| Release Date: | 2025-10-28 | |
| Impact: | Moderate | What is this? |
Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
KVM: x86: Don't (re)check L1 intercepts when completing userspace I/O
When completing emulation of instruction that generated a userspace exit
for I/O, don't recheck L1 intercepts as KVM has already finished that
phase of instruction execution, i.e. has already committed to allowing L2
to perform I/O. If L1 (or host userspace) modifies the I/O permission
bitmaps during the exit to userspace, KVM will treat the access as being
intercepted despite already having emulated the I/O access.
Pivot on EMULTYPE_NO_DECODE to detect that KVM is completing emulation.
Of the three users of EMULTYPE_NO_DECODE, only complete_emulated_io() (the
intended "recipient") can reach the code in question. gp_interception()'s
use is mutually exclusive with is_guest_mode(), and
complete_emulated_insn_gp() unconditionally pairs EMULTYPE_NO_DECODE with
EMULTYPE_SKIP.
The bad behavior was detected by a syzkaller program that toggles port I/O
interception during the userspace I/O exit, ultimately resulting in a WARN
on vcpu->arch.pio.count being non-zero due to KVM no completing emulation
of the I/O instruction.
WARNING: CPU: 23 PID: 1083 at arch/x86/kvm/x86.c:8039 emulator_pio_in_out+0x154/0x170 [kvm]
Modules linked in: kvm_intel kvm irqbypass
CPU: 23 UID: 1000 PID: 1083 Comm: repro Not tainted 6.16.0-rc5-c1610d2d66b1-next-vm #74 NONE
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 0.0.0 02/06/2015
RIP: 0010:emulator_pio_in_out+0x154/0x170 [kvm]
PKRU: 55555554
Call Trace:
See more information about CVE-2025-40026 from MITRE CVE dictionary and NIST NVD
NOTE: The following CVSS metrics and score provided are preliminary and subject to review.
CVSS v3 metrics
| Base Score: | 5.5 |
| Vector String: | CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H |
| Version: | 3.1 |
| Attack Vector: | Local |
| Attack Complexity: | Low |
| Privileges Required: | Low |
| User Interaction: | None |
| Scope: | Unchanged |
| Confidentiality Impact: | None |
| Integrity Impact: | None |
| Availability Impact: | High |
Errata information
| Platform | Errata | Release Date |
| Oracle Linux version 10 (kernel-uek) | ELSA-2025-28040 | 2025-12-10 |
| Oracle Linux version 9 (kernel-uek) | ELSA-2025-28040 | 2025-12-10 |
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